The plane would have to work harder...but that amount of harder would be so miniscule because the only thing that it is doing is over coming the initial rolling drag of the wheels. Take plently of the examples that have been given so far in this thread. Put a skateboard onto a treadmill at the gym and see how hard it is to hold it in place while the treadmill is moving. Increase the speed of the treadmill and it is just as easy to hold in place. A pinky finger could do it. Now slightly push the skateboard forward as the treadmill is moving and you will find that you have to push just as hard as if it weren't moving. It really doesn't make a difference and it also doesn't matter how fast the treadmill moves. The reason why is the thrust forward is coming from your hands and not the wheels. The wheels are there just so that there isn't any friction between the board and the treadmill and it doesn't matter whether it is this example or a plane...same concept.
