I can't tell you how many dogs I have trained and I am not a dude I am a woman. I also have a Springer Spaniel trained in agility, obedience and knows about 75 "tricks" He goes to hospitals and does work with children... he is no way fearful or aggressive. I have some trainers that coem to my animal hospital that have tried to use the "positive reinforcement" and it doesn't work... also... the doctors I work with are dominant over their dogs and none of their dogs are fearful or aggressive. You probably agree with the Petsmart theory on harnesses... which are big mistakes... they encourage pulling, not stop it. Labs and Bitter Apple have nothing to do with each other.. it is not breed specific which dogs like it and which dogs don't... they don't all read the book... not just Labs. I trained a chocolate lab last month who would run at site of the bottle he hated it so much so your theory is out the window.