Definitely agree that we need to restructure our debts so that we can afford them and minimize the pain but if we don't increase the debt ceiling before make those changes (raising SS age etc) then there will be a lot of pain immediately and it will not be done in a way that most people consider fair.
It's not just welfare spending. It's all the government spending including debt interest, military salaries, immigration enforcement, employee salaries, etc. You could end unemployment insurance tomorrow (UI maxes out at less than 2 years, not sure where you got 4 years from) and still not get close to making all the payments on everything else. We need to cut spending but it needs to be done in a smart way, not just in a cut all cash flow and let the chips fall where they may manner.