it depends on how hot and how long and all sorts of stuff. i just fixed a car this week that overheated and she didnt crack a head or block or even blow the head gasket. its possible it did but its also very possible it didnt. if u kept an eye on the temp gauge and made sure it didnt get really hot but just that it was getting hotter than normal then id say go for the coolant and thermostat first.

PS: dont drive a car that overheats lol